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HMAS Parramatta (D55)
HMAS ''Parramatta'', named after the Parramatta River, was a River-class torpedo-boat destroyer of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Ordered in 1909 for the Commonwealth Naval Forces (the predecessor of the RAN), ''Parramatta'' was the first ship launched for the Australian navy. Temporarily commissioned into the Royal Navy for the delivery voyage to Australia, the destroyer came under Australian naval control in 1910, and on 1 March 1911 was recommissioned into the RAN, shortly before the latter's creation.
From 1914 to 1917, ''Parramatta'' was involved in wartime patrols in the Pacific and South East Asian regions, before she and her sister ships were transferred to the Mediterranean for anti-submarine operations. She returned to Australia in 1919, and was placed in reserve. Apart from a brief period of full commission during the visit of the Prince of Wales, ''Parramatta'' remained in reserve commission until 1928. She was fully decommissioned in 1928, stripped of parts, and sold for use as prisoner accommodation on the Hawkesbury River. After changing hands several times, the hull ran aground during gale conditions in 1933, and was left to rust. In 1973, the bow and stern sections were salvaged, and converted into memorials.
==Design and construction==
''Parramatta'' had a displacement of 750 tons, a length overall of , and a beam of .〔 The destroyer was powered by three Yarrow oil-burning boilers connected to Parsons turbines, which delivered 10,000 shaft horsepower to three propeller shafts.〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'', p. 75〕 ''Parramatta''s cruising speed was , giving the ship a range of .〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'', p. 74-5〕 Her maximum speed as designed was , but during sea trials, she was able to achieve .〔 The ship's company consisted of between 66 and 73 personnel, including five officers.〔
''Parramatta'', along with sister ships and , were ordered on 6 February 1909; the first ships to be ordered for the Commonwealth Naval Forces, the post-Federation amalgamation of the Australian colonial navies.〔Stevens, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 18〕 The ship was laid down by Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Limited, at their shipyard in Govan, Scotland on 17 March 1909.〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'', p. 74〕 She was launched on 9 February 1910 by Margot Asquith, wife of British Prime Minister H. H. Asquith; the first new ship launched for the Australian navy.〔〔Stevens, in Stevens, ''The Royal Australian Navy'', p. 19〕 Construction was completed in August 1910, and the ship was commissioned into the Royal Navy as HMS ''Parramatta'' for the voyage out to Australia.〔 ''Parramatta'' and sister ship sailed from Portsmouth on 19 September.〔 Once the ships arrived in Broome, they were transferred to the control of the Commonwealth Naval Forces.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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